Diabetes mellitus represents several diseases in which high blood glucose levels over time can damage the nerves, kidneys, eyes and blood vessels.

It can also decrease the body’s ability to fight infection. Therefore if it is not well-controlled, damage to the organs and impairment of the immune system is likely to occur.

Usually, sweat secretion and oil production which lubricate the skin of the foot are impaired in diabetic patients. These factors together can lead to abnormal pressure on the skin, bones and joints of the foot during walking and can lead to breakdown of the skin of the foot.

The patient may also develop sores. Damage to the blood vessels and impairment of the immune system from the diabetes makes it difficult to heal these wounds. Consequently, bacterial infection of the skin, connective tissues, muscles and bones may occur with time.

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