Edmund beat Murray at Eastbourne in June – in the third match of his return during the grass-court season – before the world number 832 pulled out of Wimbledon.
Edmund, 23, said: “I gave my best of what I had on the day, it just didn’t work out. It would have been nice to hold serve and maybe even control what I can and take [the third set] to a tie-break but it didn’t happen.”
Defending champion and world number three Alex Zverev beat Tunisia’s Malek Jaziri 6-2 6-1 and will play his brother Mischa in the third round.
After five years together on the ATP Tour, this will be their first meeting on court. “It’s going to be very interesting for me. It will be a special day,” said Alex Zverev. “Not many families can say they have two players playing at this level.”
Belgian third seed David Goffin survived a scare against France’s Pierre-Hugues Herbert to win 6-2 1-6 7-6 (7-5) while Japan’s Kei Nishikori beat American qualifier Donald Young for the second year in a row, winning 6-3 6-4.
He will face Canadian Denis Shapovalov in the next round, while Goffin plays American Frances Tiafoe. Fifth seed Nick Kyrgios withdrew from the tournament with a hip injury, having retired during his Atlanta Open quarter-final last week.
Elsewhere, British number two Cameron Norrie is through to the quarter-finals of the Los Cabos Open in Mexico, following a 6-3 6-3 victory over Spanish eighth seed Feliciano Lopez. Norrie, 22, will play Frenchman Adrian Mannarino in the last eight.
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